High pressure hose coupling



March 16, 1943. A, c. LUSHER ETAL I HIGH PRESSURE HOSE QOUPLING 2 she'ets-sheei 1 Filed Dec. 3, 1941 flZZerZ' lwfi f w Ememon E zmpitins Gear e-C a flifirrwys March 16, 1943. A. c. LUSHER ETAL 2,314,001 HIGH PRESSURE HOSE COUPLING I Filed Dec. 5, 1941 '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 'Illlllll Ill III! III (5567'? ZwS'Zar Z'mnentors Pat nted M5,, .511

Albert C. Lusher, Emerson 11., Tompkins, and

George'G. Howard, Waterbury, Conu., assignors .to Scovill Manufacturing Company,-Waterbury, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut Application December a, 1941, Serial No. 421,519

7 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements Albert C. Lusher and Allan C. Hoffman.

This is a companion case, covering the coupling per se as an article, to an application exeouted of even date herewith entitled Method of clude any axial displacement due to pull strains upon the hose.

making and assembling high pressure hose couplings filed December 3, 1941, Serial Number 421,520, in the names of Albert C. Lusher, Emerso H. Tompkins, Frederick R, Reutter and George G. Howard.

'An object of the invention is to' improve the type of coupling'disclosed in. application serial Number 367,302 aforesaid by dispensing with the necessity for the spider of that prior application and to this extent lowering manufacturingcosts attended by saving of material and without sacrificing any of the desirable characteristics of such coupling, and in factsecuring if anything a superior coupling article particularly as regards strength of connection between the hose and coupling, long life in satisfactory service and substantial leak proofness throughout that long life.

Due to the elimination of the spider the coupling is assembled more easily and quickly and simply not only as regards its connection with the hose but also in its initial combining of its separately manufactured component parts.

A further object of the invention is to provide an extremely simple form of coupling which will possess a high degree of tenacity in its grip and retention upon the end of a hose to carry high pressures without liability of the coupling blowing off the end of the hose, which is a'common failure of the union between hose and coupling body of prior devices when employed in carrying high pressure.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a high pressure coupling that for the most part is made of light weight sheet 'metal mate'- rials, is die contracted, and is capable of relatively'easy assembly to the end of a hose, such as by means of a hydraulic or jack press. The coupling is further designed to be secured to the end .ing substantially It is a still further object of the invention to provide means to compress and at the same time interlock the hose about the nipple of the coupling member wherein the interlocking is strong against axial displacement or separation of the hose from the coupling. v

A still further object of the invention is to secure a high degree of leak-proof characteristics in the hosecoupling in an economical manner by retainunchanged the conventional type of coupling body with the addition thereto of interlocking and compression and contraction means as may be fitted to, and received on, the coupling body in an easily assemblable manner, which involves small costs in materials and labor and which when in final position will yield a high degree of utility as a high pressure coupling.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention will be more fully described hereinafter, and will be more particularly pointed out in r the claims appended hereto.

of a high pressure hose without the necessity of ing at the right end in In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or corresponding parts throughout the several views,

, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a form 'of coupling body suitable for use with the present invention.

Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same from the right end of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section therethrough taken on the line 3-3 in Figure 2.-

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a form of outside contractile sleeve employed.

Figure 5 is an end elevation of the sleeve look- Figure 4.-

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section through the sleeve taken on the line 8-6 in Figure 5.

Figure"! is a side elevation of an improved high pressure hose coupling constructed in accordance with the present invention and in finally assembled position on a hose which is shown partly broken away.

Figure 8 is a similar View away showing the coupling body, sleeve and includedparts of the hose in longitudinal section with a contracting die and a form of thrust anvil indicated in section.

Figure 9 is a side elevation of a coupling body with a sleeve, shown in longitudinal section,'as initially assembled to the coupling body and indicating in section a form. of thrust anvil and outside sleeve, and

viewed with parts broken llgureioshowsasideele'vitionofacoupllng bodywlthanoutsidesleeva illustratedinlonaitudinalsectionasasembledtmand initiallyconstriated about. the coupling body. to retain the sleeve upon the body as a article'of manufac- 'tureandsaleinreadinesstoreceivetheendof ahoseprlortotheiinalcontractionoftheslecve asshowninl'lgures'landd condition shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6, which is Referring more particularly to the drawings ll designates generally a coupling body constructed with an intermediate nut portion il having an externally screw threaded male memher I! projecting from one side thereof and a nipple i3 extending axially from the other side of such nut portion H. The nipple i3 is of greatly reduced external diameter as compared with the external diameter of the nut portion I I, leaving an abutment wall 14 that is substantially vertical or substantially normal to the coupling Along the exterior of the nipple l3 are provided a. series of buttress teeth I! which taper toward the outer free end of the nipple i3 and provide the usual abrupt shoulders l8 disposed away from the free end of said nipple. In the coupling body is a through opening or bore II in the customary manner.

The hose illustrated is that well known form consisting of the inner and outer concentric layers l3 and with an intermediate embedded concentric layer of wire mesh or other reinforcement 2|.

A sleeve 33, shown more particularly in Figures 4, 5 and 6, is adapted to be slipped over the coupling body and such sleeve is formed with a nut portion 34 to mate with the nut portion ll of the coupling body ill, Adjoining the nut portion 34, the sleeve is bulged outwardly slightly, as indicated at 33, to enable the main cylindrical body of the sleeve 33, exclusive oi the nut portion 34, to be of an initially large diameter subject to being contracted upon the coupling and hose. The nut portion 34 of the sleeve carries a flange 31 with an opening 33 to fit over the male end l2 of the coupling body.

In Figures 8 and 9 is illustrated an anvil mem ber 45 for aiding. in the assembly of the coupling parts and of the assembly of the coupling to the hose.

In Figure 9 is illustrated a split die 40 having an opening 42 to pass over the sleeve 33. said die.

.43 having preferably a flaring mouth 4| at its leading end for the purpose of engaging and die contracting the sleeve 33 as the die 40 is moved relatively to such sleeve in the direction of the arrows indicated in Figure 9.

' of the nut portion ii serve to retain the sleeve assembled to the coupling body as a composite article which may be shipped independently of the hose and sold as an article quite apart from the hose for subsequent assembly with the hose' 'inthehandsoftheuser.

In Figure 8 is shown a second split or other die 5| having a die opening it which is of somewhat smaller diameter than the opening 42 of theinitialdiellforthepurposeoffurthercon- 15 the initial condition of the sleeve, the same is sli'd over the coupling body from right to left as viewedinFlgure 3 with the flange .31 of the sleeve trailing; This flange 3'! acts in the capacity of a stop to strike the adjacent wall face-oi the nut portion H which determines the initially assembled condition of these parts. This condition is shown in Figure 9. The anvil 45 is then inserted over the male threaded extension I2 and against the flange 31; while from the opposite end the die 43 is advanced over the free end of the sleeve 33, and from such free end toward the interfltting nut portions Ii and 34 which accurately and closely fit one another. The die 40 is moved an appropriate distance axially along the sleeve 33 and it results in initially reducing the diameter of the sleeve 33 to a degree less than the diameter of the nut portion I I,

sleeve 33, as shown inFigure l0, approximates 'the external diameter of the hose 2!! so that the hose may freely enter the well or chamber bounded by the nipple i3, sleeve 33 and .base wall I4 of the coupling body. The anvil 45 is thereupon applied to flange 31 to hold the assembled coupling body and sleeve up to the die 5| which is thereupon slid from the left toward the right (Figure 8) over the initially contracted sleeve 33 to further contract the same and the included portion of the hose 20 down to a constricted diameter which is preferably somewhat less than the normal external diameter of the hose 20.

The complemental interfltting of the two nut portions H and 34 will serve to avoid rotation of the sleeve 33 relatively to the coupling body. The flange 31 will arrest the axial motion of the sleeve 33 and indicate when the sleeve has been driven home to final position.

The movement of 'both die members 40 and 5| is from left to right as viewed in Figures 9 and 8 to cause a progressive constriction or radial contraction in the sleeve 33 initiating at the free open edge thereof and progressing from this free open edge toward the nut portion 34 which is essentially non-contracting owing to its close fit about a rigid non-contractile-nut portion H of the coupling body. The action of both die members causes the radially inward contraction of the metallic sleeve 33 which will be made of a material admitting of this contraction and of a sufliciently rigid body that on such contraction will withstand the outwardly bulging pressure of the hose.

With the initial die 43 such die may approach very close to the nut portion 34, and in fact the flared mouth 4| may partially overlap the nut portion 34intheflnalposition-ofthedie 43in 1 w aqa r ei i l or With satisiactory? re s :rc e ro course the a materiaLwhich is rel 1v jnient theiewith ,resis'ti thefcouplingbodyirom the hose; I l It will be appreciatdlthat. the improved coupling acts ;to interloclgtheparts soa's to prevent Y axial displacement or the parts relative to each order to secure the contraction of the sleeve 33 up close to the. wall M of the coupling body..

However, it is not so necessary that-the mama Bl app oach oi q el to-th -nst-tnqr on 34 but run" 55;- di

die 5| skilled; in lgthe art 33 .inaaccordance with dififer travers qr lineal i r layer 9 "of the 5 eter of {thesleev as shown i'rl Figure'fig; The

- In Contracting the outside sleeve 33 in the manner done by forcing the die from the free end toward the anchored nut portion subjects; the

ncoxnpassed within I bulged portloniof' the' rubber form's'a iurther ex- "tremely str g *interlo'c between the nose and fering metals in thesleeve 33 andfdifferent types j 0 and materialsin the h'osep T other,as.well as theihos'e relative to the coupling.

The abilityof the coupling par'ts to hold securely against. axial tstrainresultsironi the construc- I, tio n andrelative arrangements of the parts in' thecombinatlon. [The axial strains which the present invention has been "designed to cope with are not so much extemal pulling on the hose or r on the coupling as those which resultiromthe I I internal high pressure force'that' is transmitted through the-hose.) Such internal high pressure force, as for instance ingreaseguns, tends to blow the coupling ofi the end of the 'hose and the im- 1 proved hlgh pressure" coupling is designed and built to withstand such shock and 'sir'nultaneously to be leak-proof;

' Another advantage derived'fromthe'novel form plings areiisubjected- .Such concept is new in relation to high'pressure couplings now on the rod or made by a forgingproce'ssi in both; cases markefi whichare 'madeof one'piece; Such one 1 piece couplings "are veither-turned out from solid cp an 't thickness. ed in the coininercia high: pressure 2coumaterial of, the hos'e be ground orsklved off :down

to the wire I r neshjand'" the 'tlon' obviates -any mes I The presentiinvenh removal 1 "of rubber material and 5p 'ovides; means or -interlocking the trong anchorage.

Irpres re'couplingshavebeen th'r deformable'izmaterlal.

I I fur-brie ki'rt bathe-sleevewhich hasbeen given th e'rren e numeral- 33; I stepped up sho the hiit 'portionw and the is"--' cjf still-progressively greater wall pulsating" pressure tests have "resultflange 34 shearin -ma at the. circuit:- ferentiallin'efwhere it Co'nnects-intO the'nut section 34-. Coli$equfitly the-sleeve is adrawn cylflange 3-1 inder and it -i' s drawn" in such"-'manner= astto create additional-thickness or stock along: the circ'mniere'nual line and ir'ftheflange S'I an'din the adjacent portions of the nut part 2 315;; This packed material will withstand: the strains that accumulat at-this pointl v The separability of manufacture of'the sleeve 'irdm the-cdlipling-bodyadmits of-ith'lise Of 535* ferent materi'als rhe sleeve isma'deiofan alloy '0: ahig'h copper content toafiordi'a higher degree "of malleability and to avoid season-crack- ,i I 'ing which would" result in c'ase ithe sleeve was of construction of the present-invention is that the partscan bemade of different materials de-' pending upon the conditions to iwhichth couniade or the' sarnemateriabandintegral with the body." To assurey again'st any season cracking the outsld'efsl'eevemay have acoppercontent between 95% and 99%. "The" "lower limit :is prob.- 'ably 85 I ln-some 'cases -the difierentialiin wall thickness of the sleeve-parts may be only in the out regardtothlcikenin the walls" of the: other which isto-be deformed; can besfelec'ted of a" materialthatis fitfor that purpose, Sufficient" strength can readilybe incorporated into the sleeve member. Where the coupling is-to be used I l u. l I

- in airplanes,-both body and shell parts may be made of aluminum. Incase the coupling is to- 'thickness m'ay'bem'ade in any' part desired withportions;

*Insome instancea for'examplein the buplmgy the 'c'iylliidrica l wan 0f the- Sleeve peeoss" whereasthe base wall'3l is--.11o'r; The thinnessof thecylindrical-wall is desirable for may purposes of the tvviiflgll'e contracting operations but it is notde'slrable'to sa'crifice'strength of wan m this ac unt.-"- Therefore we propose to give '70 have to withstand the abrasive made ofa suitable steel. In this" the cylindrical"part'of the shell or'sleev'e 33 a final drawing operatiod after another-"forming and annealingbperations. 'Such final drawing operationis'designed togive' asufilcient' pinch to the metal in that part of the-'shell that amounts to a physical-changelnthe molecular'structure cupling-collapsed dithinnest wall thicknessotthemetalp'fiaispinchingofthemetals asubstantiallyrisidcouplingbodyhavinga hardensthesameandincreasesthetensile nipi etoenterthchoseandanenlargedporstrengthandthereforethethincylindricalwall tion,aseparatemallcablesleevefittedoversaid oftheshell canbemadeesstrongasthethicker endwalll'l of theme. 7

Without the spider the sleeve 33 of the present application comes in continuous and uninterrupted contact as toall of its internal surface with-the external surface of the hose which it holds under compression. This forms a complete continuity of tenacious effect between the rubber of the'hose and the internal wall of the metal sleeve 33 which prevents any axial relativ'e slippage of these two parts. I

In some or possibly all cases the squeezed materiai of the rubber, elastic or deformable hose willswell radially outward at the first zone where it is unconfined by the shell cylinder or skirt 3; and we-have attemptedto'indicate at 55 in Figs.

- 7 i d 8 the observed b1118 Ill the hose t mal die contracting oper functions; first. it may be a slight contraction ticularly in the regions of the nut corners to thus lock the sleeve to the coupling body and incidentally this reduction brings the diameter of th sleeve down approximately to the diameter of the hose to which the coupling is to be assembled; and secondly one of the advantages of the double die contracting operation is that it makes it much easier to reduce th coupling at the final assembly than if it had to go from its original diameter down to the diameter where it is die contracted on the hose for permanent assembly.

It is obvious that various changes. and modifications may be made in the details of construction and design of the above specifically described embodiment of this invention without departing from the spirit thereof, such changes and modifications being. restricted only by the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A high pressure hose coupling comprising a substantially rigid coupling body having a nipple to enter the hose and a polygonal enlarged portion, and a separate"malleable sleeve having a polygonal portion closely fitting overthe corresponding polygonal portion of the coupling body and a generally cylindrical skirt portion enveloping the hose and nipple and die contracted substantially throughout its cylindrical area into squeezing relation upon the base.

2. A high pressure hose coupling comprising a substantially rigid coupling body having a nipple to enter the hose and an enlarged polygonal portion, and a separate malleable sleeve tion of the coupling body, said sleeve also having.

means on the end portion opposite to the open end to engage with the enlarged portion to ar- 5 rest. the axial movement of the sleeve in its final home position, said sleeve being die contracted substantially throughout its entire cylindrical area to compress the hose radially inward at all circumferential points upon the rigid nipple.

-3. A high pressure hose coupling comprising ishell slid over theenlarged portion and having a base to engage one side of the enlarged portion asia' stop. the shell at the opposite side of the enlarged portion being cylindrically re ducedsubstantially from its open end up to the coupling enlarged portion and of a diameter less than said enlarged portion to engage the adjacent face ofthe same and interlock the shell and coupling-together as a rigid nnit..'

5. A high pressure hosecoupling comprising a substantially rigid coupling body having a nippie to enter the hose and an enlarged polygonal portion against which the end of the hose is abutted as a stop, a separate malleahlesleeve fitted over said enlarged polygonal portion and having a tubular portion fitted about the hose. another portion complementary to said enlarged polygonal portion of the coupling body snugly fitting the latter to preclude relative rotation of said sleeve to said body, and a flanged portion adapted to abut against the outer face of said pie to enter the hose and an enlarged polygonal portion, and .a drawn sleeve of malleable material having a. complements] part fitted over said enlarged polygonal portion and having a hue flange engaging the outer face of said enlarged portion as a stop, a substantial portion of said sleeve being initially reduced beyond and adjacent said polygonal portion to an inside diameter less than the distance across the points of said polygonal portion as a means to hold said sleeveand body together as a unit prior to the coupling assembly upon the hose, and said sleeve being further reduced after the coupling is assembled to the hose end to compress the hose material between the nipple and said sleeveior effecting a permanent assembly.

7. A coupling comprising a body having a nipple to enter the hose and an enlarged portion,

and a drawn sleeve of malleable material slipped over said enlarged body portion and having a base flange engaging the outer face of said enlarged portion as a stop. said sleeve being initially reduced substantially from its open end up to and less than the major dimension across said enlarged portion as a means to hold said sleeve and body together as a unit prior to the coupling assembly upon the hose. and said sleeve being further reduced after the coupling is assembled to the hose end to compress the hose material between the nipple and said sleeve for effecting a permanent assembly.

- his ALBERT. C. LUSHER.

mark EMERSON H. TOMJPKINS. GEORGE G. HOWARD.

Witness to Lushers mart: Gs'rnaama A. Dunner. 

